| About Us | Undergraduates | Postgraduates | Research | Courses |
Research Projects 2010
Below is an indicative list of project titles for honours and masters students next year. The exact nature of the projects finally offered may differ from this, and a proposed project should be discussed with the supervisor offering the project.
Some projects may also be awaiting regulatory approval. Further projects may become available, either internally or through external collaborations. Students intending to do graduate study in Cell and Molecular Bioscience or Biomedical Science are advised to identify at least three potential projects. Masters projects are handled differently from those for honours, and you should make an intention to study for masters clear to a supervisor during any discussions.
CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCE, AND BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE
Research in my laboratory is centred on identification, directed evolution, and applications of useful bacterial enzymes. We are particularly interested in nitroreductases (for anti-cancer gene therapy, bioremediation, and cellular imaging) and non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (tricky wee guys who are able to synthesise other polypeptides without being limited to a 20 amino acid repertoire). Projects offered in 2010 will be related to one of these areas.
Most traits/phenotypes are complex (multigenic) in origin, as classical genetics long has shown. It is only since the early 2000s that whole genome sequencing, and affordable automation robotics has allowed the molecular basis of complex inheritance to be systematically probed on a genome wide basis.
The interaction of two genes mutations such that the result is more than the individual gene mutation contributions is called “epistasis” and indicates a functionality between the two genes. A particular type of epistasis, called “synthetic lethality”, measures a no-growth result of combining two gene deletions as a double mutant where each of the single deletions alone do not affect growth. When such an analysis is done on a genome-wide basis overlapping pairs of synthetic lethalities allow construction of networks indicating functional relationships between many genes at once. In principle, networks may analyse genetic interactions between all the genes of a genome. This type of approach is finding increasing application in biology today but leaves the major question to be answered of what is network function as distinct from what is gene function? Probing networks may be broken down to manageable approaches by “query gene” probes involved in particular molecular or cellular function of interest. Query genes can reveal the network of all the genes involved in that function. This laboratory is systematically probing functional networks of particular genes of interest utilizing bakers yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) as a model eukaryote cell.
Chemical genetics takes synthetic lethality screens one step further. VUW’s Chemical Genetics Laboratory (CGL) utilizes a new high-throughput screening (HTS) model with the yeast gene deletion set (YGDS) of 6300 strains, each representing a specific gene deletion. Genetic interactions are measured by synthetic lethality screens between pairs of deletion strains, as described above, but also pairs comprising a deletion strain and a small molecule inhibitor (SMI), such SMIs functioning in lieu of a mutation. Such analyses may also be done in high-throughput.
HTS chemical genetic screens allow us to (i) screen the gene target of small molecule inhibitors (Parsons AB et al 2006) and (ii) elucidate the genetic network (Tong AH et al 2004) in which the target operates giving information on side-effects, diagnostics and individual response to new drugs, and perhaps suggesting combination drug therapies or side-effects to control.
Projects in the CGL include (i) probing genetic networks around specific genes of interest for, central regulatory kinases, protein-folding chaperones, genes of the unfolded protein response(UPR). Diseases such as diabetes, Parkinson’s. Alzheimer’s are diseases involving UPR. (ii) seeking pharmacological chaperones for congenital disorders of glycosylation specifically CDG-Ic (iii) probing genetic interactions networks involving the specific drugs such as statins, cytotoxic marine natural products, cytotoxic compounds from soil microbia, or the acute lymphocytic leukaemia inhibitor, Fodosine (in collaboration with IRL colleagues).
Dr David Bellows
We use the awesome power of yeast genetics toexplore the response of eukaryotes to small molecules in their environment. Available techniques include robotic high-throughput chemical screens, genome-wide genetic screens and high-throughput chemical phenotype screens as well as traditional yeast genetics. Projects in my lab will focus on one of the following areas:
Multi-drug Resistance (MDR) Network: Yeasts have developed an elaborate network of pumps and transporters to deal with chemicals in their environment since they are non-motile and can’t run away from a noxious agent. Recent research has suggested that the yeast MDR network may be much larger than first imagined (Parsons AB et al, Nat. Biotech 2004; Hillenmeyer M et al., Science 2008) We wish to understand how S. cerevisiae senses the presence of small molecules and mounts a response. We will employ a genome wide screening approach to uncover upstream members of the sensing pathway. In addition, we will employ a chemical genetic strategy to characterize the yeast response to a variety of small molecules.
Natural Product Bioactivity: Yeast deletion mutants can act as sensitized reporter strains to identify the activity of compounds that target yeast proteins. Victoria University has a compendium of novel natural products derived from New Zealand biota whose bioactivity is uncharacterized. We will take a genome-wide approach to explore the chemical-genetic interactions with these natural products using DNA microarrays that interrogate the entire yeast genome. In addition, we will use linkage disequilibrium to identify candidate resistance targets.
Anti-fungal Drug Discovery: One way to increase the potency of current anti-fungal agents is to disable the MDR network. Unfortunately, yeasts possess few non-conserved essential targets for single-agent therapeutics. We will exploit the concept of synthetic lethality and genetic interactions to search for compounds that are lethal to yeast when used in combination, but have little effect alone.
Dr Geoff Chambers
Human Ancestry and Health: Existing projects cover various aspects of Pharmacogenomics including prediction of Type II diabetes in NZ Maori and the origin of Australian Aborigines. In 2010 the focus will shift to tissue transplantation antigens and blood group typing using DNA-based methods.
Wildlife Conservation and Environmental Monitoring: Work is underway in conjunction with Te Papa staff on the systematics of native spiders and with NZ Biosecure on mosquitoes. I also retain a personal interest in albatrosses and parakeets.
We are also using molecular studies and various analytical methods to characterise microbial communities in soil, with ESR Ltd as part of the forensics of human decomposition project. The subterranean aquifers project, with the GNS Institute will continue in 2010 and new metagenomics approaches are planned.
Basic Science of Genome Evolution: I am currently developing new projects on evolutionary processes in mitochondrial DNA and nuclear microsatellite loci. These exciting new theory–based initiatives will present novel opportunities for students and interns with particular interests in bioinformatics and computing, as well as lab work.
Dr Simon Davy
Students in my lab work on molecular, cellular, physiological and/or ecological aspects of marine symbioses, especially those between invertebrates (e.g. corals, sea anemones & sponges) and algae. Students also work on aspects of coral reef ecology, especially coral disease and bleaching. I am happy to discuss ideas, though I am especially keen to attract students in the following areas:
Cellular basis of recognition and maintenance in algal-invertebrate symbioses
Virus communities of reef corals
Coral bleaching mechanisms and physiological implications
Molecular diversity and eco-physiology of temperate corals and sea anemones, and their symbiotic algae
Molecular diversity, function and biogeography of symbiotic bacteria in NZ sea stars, urchins and sea cucumbers
Molecular biology, physiology and ecology of sponge-microbial symbioses (with Dr. James Bell).
Dr Jonathan Gardner
My research interests include a wide range of topics in marine biology. I am particularly interested in supervising postgraduate students in research areas such as:
Marine reserves and conservation (monitoring, survey design, habitat change, marine reserve network design, spill over and larval export, genetic connectivity)
Population and ecological genetics of marine species (genetic connectivity and nearshore oceanography, natural selection, stock identification, self recruitment)
Marine bioinvasions and biosecurity (identification of invasive species, ecological impacts of invaders; pre and post border control, aspects of management and policy related to biosecurity)
Intertidal and shallow subtidal ecology (ecophysiology of filter feeding, impacts of sedimentation on biota, effects of storm drains on biota)
Aquaculture (in particular of molluscan shellfish, impacts of aquaculture, genetics of aquaculture, food forensics using genetic techniques).
Dr Ian Hermans
(SBS/Malaghan Institute of Medical Research)
My research is aimed at improving the design of vaccines. The vaccines that most of us have been given as children generally stimulate production of antibodies that bind to pathogens to prevent infection taking hold. I am interested in a different class of vaccines that are designed to stimulate the activity of immune cells called T cells. Such “cell-mediated” immune responses have evolved to identify and destroy cells of the body that have been actually been infected with pathogens. A major theme of my research is to determine whether it is possible to stimulate cell-mediated immune responses that can identify and eliminate tumour cells in cancer patients. Such a vaccine could potentially be used as a new anti-cancer therapy, or could be used in conjunction with existing therapies. This research involves modelling vaccination in vivo, sterile tissue culture techniques, and immunological techniques such as flow cytometry, bioplex assays, and cell purification. Opportunities may exist for a student to undertake research in this area. I am happy to discuss project ideas with potential students.
Dr Joanna Kirman
(Malaghan Institute of Medical Research)
Over one third of the world’s population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Tb) and as a result 2-3 million people die from Tb every year. The Ministry of Health in New Zealand has indicated that on average one New Zealander is infected with Tb every day and outbreaks regularly occur in NZ. The increase in drug resistant strains of Tb is alarming, and preventing the disease is an international priority. The currently available vaccine, BCG, is unreliable has anaverage protective efficacy of 50%. It is least effective in countries closest to the equator, where Tb incidence is greatest. In this regard, the primary objective of our research is the rational design of a new, safe and effective vaccine for human and bovine Tb.
In order to contribute to the development of an effective Tb vaccine, the Infectious Diseases groups is focused on understanding the immunological basis of BCG failure, the cells and molecules mediating protection to Tb, and the development of novel DNA vaccines. This project would involve using a mouse model of mycobacterial infection to investigate one of these aspects of Tb vaccination, and would involve the use of animal handling, sterile tissue culture and immunological techniques such as flow cytometry, bioplex assays, cell purification.
Investigating the cellular actions of Ecstasy (MDMA) on serotonin transporter function. Part of a larger Project with John Miller, Darren Day, and Susan Schenk.
Abuse of the recreational drug Ecstasy is increasing in New Zealand. Ecstasy (MDMA) is neurotoxic because it down-regulates serotonin function in the brain. We are currently investigating the effects of MDMA at the cellular level. Exposure to MDMA results in a decrease in serotonin transporter function. However, protein and mRNA levels remain unchanged. We are currently investigating the possibility of serotonin transporter trafficking and post-translational modifications as a result of exposure to MDMA.
Effects of nicotine on serotonin and dopamine transporter function:
Smoking is one of the leading causes of preventable illness in the world.
A research project may be available addressing the cellular effects of nicotine and its ability to modulate the function of the serotonin and dopamine transporters.
Investigating novel compounds to prevent addiction to drugs of abuse:A project may be available investigating a compound isolated from the plant “Salvia divinorium” called Salvinorin A (SalA). SalA is a selective kappa opioid receptor agonist with a novel structure. SalA and synthesised compounds based on the structure of SalA will be investigated for their actions at the cellular level in their ability to modulate the function of dopamine and serotonin transporters, likely cellular mechanisms for modulating drug seeking and relapse behaviours.
Additional projects measuring monoamine transporter regulation and trafficking using advanced confocal microscopy and biochemical techniques may also be offered.
Dr Anne La Flamme
Honours projects will be available for 2010 in the following areas of immunology and cell biology:
Exploring macrophages as regulators of central nervous system inflammation. Macrophages are essential mediators of CNS infiltration during autoimmunity but the mechanisms by which they act are unclear. We have shown that altering their activation state can prevent autoimmunity and are exploring possible pathways by which this protection occurs.
Modifying inflammation with anti-mitotic drugs. In this project, the effect of microtubule-stabilizing drugs on immune response development and effector functions will be investigated. In particular, the effect of microtubule stabilization on non-dividing cells will provide insight into alternative activities of these anti-mitotic compounds.
Understanding schistosome-mediated liver damage. The parasitic worm, Schistosoma mansoni, causes severe liver pathology in 10% of infected patients. We are investigating the molecular pathways that cause liver damage and studying how the immune response dictates whether or not severe disease develops.
Prof Ken McNatty and Dr Doug Eckery and Dr Janet Crawford
Honours projects will be available for 2010 in reproductive biology:
Oocyte-signalling molecules and their roles in regulating glucose metabolism and protein synthesis in cumulus cells.
In this research project we wish to explore the notion that the egg (oocyte) has the ability to regulate metabolic activity within the ovarian follicle to influence fertility. Our hypothesis is that the oocyte, via signalling molecules that we have identified and isolated, regulates specific metabolic functions in cumulus/granulosa cells to access essential substrates for energy utilisation and protein synthesis and thereby influence follicular growth and ovulation rate.
Identification of connexins between oocytes and cumulus/granulosa cells during ovarian follicular development.
Connexins are a family of proteins comprising gap junctions that permit the exchange of small molecules between cells. In this context we wish to examine the localisation and timing of expression of connexins 37 and 43 between oocytes and cumulus cells during follicular growth.
Mechanism of Action of Marine Natural Products. I am working on the development of peloruside A, a secondary metabolite from a New Zealand marine sponge, as an anti-cancer drug. In collaboration with the School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, we are testing the structure-activity relationships (SAR) of synthetic analogues of different marine natural products, including peloruside analogues. I am particularly interested in the primary and secondary targets of these compounds in normal and cancerous cells.
Neurochemistry of Drug Abuse. Dr Darren Day and I are examining the role of the opioid system in the development of the mammalian brain. Current projects involve the effect of opiate drugs on neuronal and glial cell division and migration in the foetal mouse. With Dr Bronwyn Kivell and Professor Sue Schenk of the School of Psychology, we are also correlating the behavioural effects of the recreational drug, MDMA, with neurochemical changes in the serotonergic and dopaminergic neurotransmitter systems in specific brain regions. A third drug-related project being carried out in collaboration with the Environmental Science Research (ESR) group in Wellington is a study of the effects of tobacco smoke extracts on brain monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity and nicotinic acetylcholine sreceptors, and the role of these systems in the addiction to smoking.
Dr Ronan O’Toole
Honours or Masters projects on Tuberculosis Biology will not be offered in 2010 due to overseas Research and Study Leave.
I am interested in the evolutionary genetics of species in New Zealand and the Southern Oceans and Antarctica. Current projects include the population genetics and molecular phylogenetics of marine and freshwater fishes (e.g. hoki, orange roughy, school sharks, wrasses, rainbow trout and mosquitofish), the phylogeography of stream invertebrates (e.g. freshwater mussels), conservation genetics of native species, and studying Antarctic biodiversity using genetic markers. The goals of my research program are to identify genes in populations under selection and hence local adaptation, determine the structure of fisheries stocks, and provide a sound understanding of the pattern and processes that shape population genetic structure in aquatic and terrestrial environments. My research group is planning genome sequencing projects and developing new high-resolution genetic (SNP) markers for fisheries and evolutionary applications.
For more information on my research visit my home page http://www.victoria.ac.nz/staff/peter_ritchie/index.html
Dr Ken Ryan
I supervise students in ecophysiology, biodiversity and microbial ecology. I undertake most of my research in Antarctica, but I have only limited spaces on field trips.
Functional role of novel phototrophic bacteria in sea ice (funding dependant). My research group has recently found light utilizing bacteria in sea ice, but we don’t yet know their importance in sea ice ecosystems.
Survey of viral biodiversity in sea ice microbial communities (funding dependant). Viruses are the most abundant organisms in marine environments and they play important roles in biogeochemical cycles in the sea. Their role in sea ice is unknown. (with Dr Simon Davy)
PCR analysis of bacterial samples of guano contaminated sea ice outside Adele penguin colonies on Ross Island and Terra Nova Bay.
Plant secondary metabolites in Veronica. In some NZ species, the antioxidant function normally associated with flavonoids has been transferred to iridoids, which normally have no antioxidant function. This presents interesting evolutionary questions. (with Prof Garnock-Jones).
Effects of UVB and other environmental factors on algae and phytoplankton.
Synthesis of fragments for hybrid tubulin stabilising agents.
A synthesis project making structural fragments of tubulin stabilising agents that can be built into the structure of peloruside, a potential anti-cancer drug sourced from a New Zealand marine sponge. Project joint with Dr Joanne Harvey, SCPS.
Probing and inhibiting eIF4A function.
The eIF4A family play central roles in translation and mRNA processing. We have 'tagged' expression systems for both mammalian and yeast eIF4A proteins and will use these to probe the eIF4A family member activities and their protein binding partners. Additional projects in this area will involve selective targeting of eIF4As, whichare conserved across diverse eukaryotes. We wish to investigate the ability to selectively target eIF4A proteins from different organisms or to target different isoforms of the protein within a specific organism. This project may involve computational analysis of protein structures, or could focus on experimental approaches to assaying activity of pateamine, a natural product that targets eIF4A proteins.
My research interests include ecotoxicology and environmental toxicology. These fields have evolved from classical toxicology (i.e. the study of toxic substances) and ecology and can include risk management and regulation. These areas may be vital to maintaining a ‘clean and green’ NZ environment. My current research has focussed on the effects of heavy metal contaminants on the endemic green mussel (Perna canaliculus) with the view of developing suitable biomarkers for contamination. Opportunities may exist for a student to continue research in this area using approaches based on proteomics and molecular biology. I am happy to discuss project ideas with potential students.
Dr Joe Zuccarello
Evolutionary studies in algae.
Hybridization in endemic members of the brown algae and the evolution of species. How species are maintained when hybridization occurs is an important question in speciation research. Hybridization studies are just starting in algae, and the process seems to be as prevalent as it is in plants. In New Zealand there is an important endemic (Carpophyllum), this project will look at the amount of hybridization in various populations from northern New Zeland using microsatellite markers.
Asexuality in algae: The scandal of the Stylonematales. How can orgsanisms maintain asexuality long-term? This goes against all evolutionary theories for sex. The algae of the order Stylonematales are asexual. Are they really, or are we missing there sexual activity? Using genetic markers we will be able to determine if these algae are asexual and if they still maintain genes for sexuality (meiosis genes).
Biodiversity of Marine Algae in New Zealand. The biodiversity/taxonomy and systematics of New Zealand algae are poorly explored. There are so many new species out there. These projects will investigate certain species and determine their taxonomic status and evolutionary relationships using both molecular and classical methods.
Discussion of other projects welcome.
In addition to the above, there is the possibility of carrying out other research projects co-supervised by collaborating scientists at CRIs and other research institutes. Those interested in exploring this possibility should contact Dr Bill Jordan or Dr John Miller who have contacts with Environmental Science and Research, Ltd., Dr Anne La Flamme (Malaghan Institute) or Dr Ronan O’Toole (Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences, Ltd).
ECOLOGY & BIODIVERSITY, AND MARINE BIOLOGY GRADUATE RESEARCH
The list below gives a brief description of lecturers’ research interests or potential topics for students in this section of the SBS. We work a little differently from the Cell & Molecular group, in that exact topics are not assigned. The exact nature of a proposed project should be discussed with the supervisor offering the project. Please note that we prefer students to formulate their own research ideas and interests to discuss with potential supervisors. Note also that some lecturers may be unable to take on any new students due to current supervising commitments. Masters projects are handled differently from those for honours, and you should make an intention to study for masters clear to a supervisor during any discussions.
Professor Fred Allendorf
My primary research interest is the application of population genetics to problems in conservation biology. This work involves collaboration with several other Vic staff members (e.g., Peter Ritchie, Charles Daugherty, and Nicky Nelson). I am interested in developing collaborative programs between Vic and the University of Montana, USA. My current projects and interests include the following:
The role of genetic variation in mitochondrial DNA in the viabilityof small populations.
Demographic effects of temperature-dependent sex determination in tuatara on long-term population viability.
The evolutionary significance of genetic variation at the Major Histocompatibility Complex in tuatara (in collaboration with Dr. Hilary Miller).
Restoration genetics.
Dr Ben Bell
My current research focuses on terrestrial vertebrate ecology & behaviour and on biodiversity conservation. My areas of interest include:
The interface between the behaviour, ecology and conservation
biology of terrestrial vertebrates, including both native and introduced species
Avian bioacoustics, particularly the role of song in sexual
selection, the use of capture-recapture models to estimate song repertoire size and the mechanisms of song dialect variation
The demography, behaviour and conservation of New Zealand frogs and
reptiles
Ecological restoration and islands, including the development of
mainland islands
Dr James J. Bell
My research interests are primarily concerned with tropical and temperate subtidal and intertidal ecology. Most of my temperate field work is carried out within New Zealand, while tropical fieldwork is being carried out at sites within the central Pacific, South Pacific and Indo-Pacific regions (particularly the Wakatobi Marine National Park). Specifically, I am currently interested in attracting students to work in the following areas:
1) Morphological variability of sponges in relation to environmental heterogeneity (suitable for MSc or PhD project). Sponges are an important component of marine systems that show considerable morphological variability within and between species. This project might focus on the drivers (environmentally and physiologically) of this variability, its adaptive significance and energetic costs.
2) The ecology of New Zealand calcareous sponges (suitable for MSc or PhD). The Wellington south coast has extensive subtidal populations of calcareous sponges, which is unusual for temperate regions, as demonsponges are usually the dominant component of the sponge fauna of rocky reefs. Recently we have discovered some important physiological and feeding differences between calcareous and demonsponges, which may account for the high abundance of this group on the nutrient poor Wellington South Coast. This project will focus on the ecology of the calcareous sponges in New Zealand.
3) Physiological and ecological effects of sedimentation on sponges (suitable for MSc or Phd). Sedimentation is a major threat to organisms inhabiting coastal environments and would be expected to have negative effects on suspensions feeders due to clogging. However, sponges appear in many parts of the world to be very abundant in sedimented environments. This project would focus on how sponges are able to tolerate supposed unsuitable habitats and why some species seem to prefer these habitat types.
4) Coral recruitment patterns in the Wakatobi Marine National Park (WMNP), Indonesia (suitable for PhD only). Previous work has described coral recruitment patterns in the WMNP, but further work is required in order to understand the processes that drive recruitment, post-settlement mortality and juvenile survival. This work would particularly focus on the way biological factors (e.g. predation) and physical factors (sedimentation) influence coral recruitment patterns. This project (and any others in the WMNP) would be co-supervised by Dr David Smith at Essex University (UK). NOTE: Previous experience of coral reef ecosystems is required for this project.
5) Other projects. I am also open to discussion on other projects in the areas of population genetics, connectivity, or related to Marine Protected Areas, since these are other areas of active research by my group.
Dr Kevin (KC) Burns
I try to spend as much time as I can in the field, so most of my lab's research directions are developed from natural history observations in the Karori Wildlife Sanctuary, Otari-Wilton's Bush and Nelson Lakes National Park. As a result, my lab is currently working in a range of different ecological problems.
1. Bird behaviour and cognition - Most of our research on animal behaviour focuses on the food hoarding behaviour of New Zealand robins. Taking advantage of their lack of anti-predatory behaviours and fearlessness of humans, we are conducting a field experiments in the Karori Wildlife Sanctuary to better understand their foraging tactics, spatial memory and cognition. Our other interests in animal behaviour include the influence of scale on spatial patterns in the foraging behaviour of frugivorous and nectivorous birds.
2. Community assembly rules - The processes shaping the structure of ecological communities remain poorly understood, despite nearly a century of study. Using a null model approach, we are investigating patterns in the assembly of a wide variety of plant and animal communities, including plant communities on islands offshore of the Wellington coast and in local Wellington forests.
3. Species interactions - Using a network approach we are evaluating community-level patterns in a variety of species interactions, including interactions between birds, flowers and fruits, as well as interactions between lianas, epiphytes, mistletoes and their hosts.
Dr Geoffrey K Chambers
Human Ancestry and Health: Existing projects cover various aspects of Pharmacogenomics including prediction of Type II diabetes in NZ Maori and the origin of Australian Aborigines. In 2010 the focus will shift to tissue transplantation antigens and blood group typing using DNA-based methods.
Wildlife Conservation and Environmental Monitoring: Work is underway in conjunction with Te Papa staff on the systematics of native spiders and with NZ Biosecure on mosquitoes. I also retain a personal interest in albatrosses and parakeets.
We are also using molecular studies and various analytical methods to characterise microbial communities in soil, with ESR Ltd as part of the forensics of human decomposition project. The subterranean aquifers project, with the GNS Institute will continue in 2010 and new metagenomics approaches are planned.
Basic Science of Genome Evolution: I am currently developing new projects on evolutionary processes in mitochondrial DNA and nuclear microsatellite loci. These exciting new theory–based initiatives will present novel opportunities for students and interns with particular interests in bioinformatics and computing, as well as lab work.
Dr Simon Davy
Students in my lab work on molecular, cellular, physiological and/or ecological aspects of marine symbioses, especially those between invertebrates (e.g. corals, sea anemones & sponges) and algae. Students also work on aspects of coral reef ecology, especially coral disease and bleaching. I am happy to discuss ideas, though I am especially keen to attract students in the following areas:
Cellular basis of recognition and maintenance in algal-invertebrate symbioses
Virus communities of reef corals
Coral bleaching mechanisms and physiological implications
Molecular diversity and eco-physiology of temperate corals and sea anemones, and their symbiotic algae
Molecular diversity, function and biogeography of symbiotic bacteria in NZ sea stars, urchins and sea cucumbers
Molecular biology, physiology and ecology of sponge-microbial symbioses (with Dr. James Bell)
Dr Jonathan Gardner
My research interests include a wide range of topics in marine biology. I am particularly interested in supervising postgraduate students in research areas such as:
Marine reserves and conservation (monitoring, survey design, habitat change, marine reserve network design, spill over and larval export, genetic connectivity)
Population and ecological genetics of marine species (genetic connectivity and nearshore oceanography, natural selection, stock identification, self recruitment)
Marine bioinvasions and biosecurity (identification of invasive species, ecological impacts of invaders; pre and post border control, aspects of management and policy related to biosecurity)
Intertidal and shallow subtidal ecology (ecophysiology of filter feeding, impacts of sedimentation on biota, effects of storm drains on biota)
Aquaculture (in particular of molluscan shellfish, impacts of aquaculture, genetics of aquaculture, food forensics using genetic techniques).
My group's current research interests fall into two areas: (i) the functional responses of New Zealand's plants to environmental stress, and (ii) the antioxidant potentials of traditional Māori foods as nutraceutical supplements for human health. Recent students have focused on the roles of red pigments in the protection of leaves and stems from high light, cold, ultraviolet light, and free radical attack. Others have begun to examine the antioxidant activities of extracts from pūhā. The following are suggestions for possible projects in 2010. However, the list is not exhaustive, and I urge any interested students to discuss their own ideas with me.
Functional significance of betalains in the New Zealand ice plant.
This unusual group of pigments colours leaves and stems red, but their possible significance is unknown.
Functional role of anthocyanins in stems. The sun-exposed portions of stems in many plants are red, although possible functions of these pigments have not been explored.
Ecophysiology of algal-infested leaves. The leaves from a number of native New Zealand vascular plants appear black because of their colonisation by epiphyllous green algae and cyanobacteria. In theory, these black leaves should not survive, yet the plants actually appear to benefit from the colonies.
Functional responses to green light. Long dismissed as unimportant, recent research has implicated important physiological roles for green light in plants.
Antioxidant activities of pūhā. The sow thistle (Sonchus oleraceus) has recently been identified as a rich potential source of dietary antioxidants. Effects of environmental variables on antioxidant activities are unknown.
Dr Stephen Hartley
My interests are in population dynamics, community structure and patterns of biodiversity in a spatial context, as well as conservation biology of plants and insects. I encourage students to pursue their own ideas and interests. Below are some suggested topics, but I am happy to discuss alternative projects.
Species distribution patterns and the different forms of rarity
Why are some species widespread but always at low density, while other species are locally abundant but geographically restricted? (Relevant to any taxonomic group.)
Ant, spider and beetle communities in coastal dunelands
How do these three groups interact in duneland environments? Of particular interest is how invasive ants, such as the Argentine ant, may be altering natural assemblages.
Responses of herbivores to the density and isolation of host plants
Do isolated plants attract a disproportionate number of insect herbivores? How do responses vary at landscape scales?
Bioclimatic modelling
Predicting species’ distributions from climate and environmental variables. Typically used as part of a risk assessment for invasive species.
Ecology of the kawakawa moth and its host plant, Macropiper excelsum.
Investigating the detectability of rare species for better conservation and biosecurity.
Dr Phil Lester
I primarily supervise students working in invasive species ecology. Potential projects in my laboratory group include examining patterns and mechanisms of co-existence in ant communities, the influence of dominant species on community assembly, and the relationship between disturbance and invasion. In addition, I welcome discussion with students regarding their own research ideas and interests.
Dr Wayne Linklater
Post-doctoral or post-graduate projects available:
Urban Ecology:
-feral pigeons
-hedgehogs
Dr Nicky Nelson
I supervise students interested in conservation biology, with a particular emphasis on reptiles. Current research interests include:
- How will global warming affect reptiles with temperature-dependent sex determination?
- Temperature-dependent sex determination in tuatara.
- How do mate choice and territoriality affect fitness of tuatara?
- Testing tools for conservation of reptiles: artificial incubation, head-starting and translocation.
- Parasites and sociality of reptiles.
- Population ecology of reptiles.
Feel free to come and discuss potential projects with me, either under one of the themes above or to help develop your own ideas.
Dr Nicole Phillips
I supervise students in marine ecology, with projects generally focused on intertidal and shallow subtidal communities. Some areas I am particularly interested in (but not limited to) are factors influencing dispersal and recruitment, life history tradeoffs, larval and reproductive ecology of benthic marine invertebrates, causes and consequences of variable maternal investment, and effects of environmental stressors on early life stages and carry-over effects on later life stages. I encourage students as far as possible to pursue topics/questions generated from their own interests, and am happy to talk through ideas and possibilities.
Dr Peter Ritchie
I am interested in the evolutionary genetics of species in New Zealand and the Southern Oceans and Antarctica. Current projects include the population genetics and molecular phylogenetics of marine and freshwater fishes (e.g. hoki, orange roughy, school sharks, wrasses, rainbow trout and mosquitofish), the phylogeography of stream invertebrates (e.g. freshwater mussels), conservation genetics of native species, and studying Antarctic biodiversity using genetic markers. The goals of my research program are to identify genes in populations under selection and hence local adaptation, determine the structure of fisheries stocks, and provide a sound understanding of the pattern and processes that shape population genetic structure in aquatic and terrestrial environments. My research group is planning genome sequencing projects and developing new high-resolution genetic (SNP) markers for fisheries and evolutionary applications.
For more information on my research visit my home page http://www.victoria.ac.nz/staff/peter_ritchie/index.html
I supervise students in ecophysiology, biodiversity and microbial ecology. I undertake most of my research in Antarctica, but I have only limited spaces on field trips.
Survey of viral biodiversity in sea ice microbial communities. Viruses are the most abundant organisms in marine environments and they play important roles in biogeochemical cycles in the sea. Their role in sea ice is unknown. (with Dr Simon Davy)
PCR analysis of bacterial samples of guano contaminated sea ice outside Adele penguin colonies on Ross Island and Terra Nova Bay.
Plant secondary metabolites in Veronica. In some NZ species, the antioxidant function normally associated with flavonoids has been transferred to iridoids, which normally have no antioxidant function. This presents interesting evolutionary questions. (with Prof Garnock-Jones).
Effects of UVB and other environmental factors on algae, phytoplankton and higher plants.
Dr Jeff Shima
I supervise students in marine biology and ecology. I use quantitative and experimental approaches to understand drivers of distribution, abundance and dynamics of organisms.
I am particularly interested in the early life-histories of organisms with stage-structured populations (e.g., the eggs, larvae and juveniles of most marine reef organisms, but also things like seeds and seedlings of plants) and the important roles that these life stages play in population dynamics.
For additional information about my research interests, current students, and philosophy on student supervision, please see:
http://www.victoria.ac.nz/staff/jeffrey_shima/
My research interests include ecotoxicology and environmental toxicology. These fields have evolved from classical toxicology (i.e. the study of toxic substances) and ecology and can include risk management and regulation. These areas may be vital to maintaining a ‘clean and green’ NZ environment. My current research has focussed on the effects of heavy metal contaminants on the endemic green mussel (Perna canaliculus) with the view of developing suitable biomarkers for contamination. Opportunities may exist for a student to continue research in this area using approaches based on proteomics and molecular biology. I am happy to discuss project ideas with potential students.
Dr Joe Zuccarello
Evolutionary studies in algae.
Hybridization in endemic members of the brown algae and the evolution of species. How species are maintained when hybridization occurs is an important question in speciation research. Hybridization studies are just starting in algae, and the process seems to be as prevalent as it is in plants. In New Zealand there is an important endemic (Carpophyllum), this project will look at the amount of hybridization in various populations from northern New Zeland using microsatellite markers.
Asexuality in algae: The scandal of the Stylonematales. How can orgsanisms maintain asexuality long-term? This goes against all evolutionary theories for sex. The algae of the order Stylonematales are asexual. Are they really, or are we missing there sexual activity? Using genetic markers we will be able to determine if these algae are asexual and if they still maintain genes for sexuality (meiosis genes).
Biodiversity of Marine Algae in New Zealand. The biodiversity/taxonomy and systematics of New Zealand algae are poorly explored. There are so many new species out there. These projects will investigate certain species and determine their taxonomic status and evolutionary relationships using both molecular and classical methods.
Discussion of other projects welcome
| About Us | Undergraduates | Postgraduates | Research | Courses |
Updated: 11 September, 2007 © 2003 Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand